【例】There is a list of ingredients on the side of the packet.包装袋的边上印有所含配料表。
【同义替换】component, element, factor
【真题】Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom.
许多消费者似乎一直受股票市场波动的影响,投资者现在把这种波动视为持续繁荣的必要因素。
articulate
a.善于表达的;用关节相连的 v.清楚地讲话
【例】She is unusually articulate for a ten-year-old.对一个十岁的孩子来说,她异乎寻常地能说会道。
【构词】arti(技巧)+cul(培养)+-ate(……的)→培养别人的要求→善于表达的
【同义替换】expressive
【派生】articulation n.清楚讲话
【真题】It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.
这也就是为什么当我们尝试用语言来描述音乐时,我们只能清楚地表达对音乐的反映,却不能领会音乐的精髓。
substitute
n.代替者;替身;代用品 v.(for)代替,替换
【例】We mustn’t rely on sheer enthusiasm and substitute our personal feelings for policy.我摩恩不能仅靠热情,也不能用私人感情代替政策。
【构词】sub-(下面)+stitut(站立)+e→(站在下面等着)替代
【派生】substitution n.替代
【真题1】In talking to some scientists, particularly younger ones, you might gather the impression that they find the “scientific method ” a substitute for imaginative thought.